Weed that grow among crops is a problem in many ways since humanity started agriculture. Weeds compete with crops for water, soil nutrients, sunlight. They can host pets, harbor diseases. They cost labor to remove them, either manually or chemically. This also increases overall costs and chemical removal may mean environmental impacts. Overall, weeds cause lower crop yield, decrease in quality, and higher costs. Considering all these, it is a very critical task, to remove them as efficiently as possible, which is where robots can be very useful and bring the costs down.
A robot that is developed in Spain, which is called “The GreenBot” aims to undertake such task. The robot is still in development stage but according to the press release provided by the team, it completed its successful field trials. The robot is developed by GMV (www.gmv.com), and a consortium made of University of Seville’s AGR-278 “Smart Biosystems Laboratory” research group, GMV, TEPRO, PIONEER HiBred Spain SL, and Cooperativas Agroalimentarias de Andalucía, where each participant undertook tasks belonging to different disciplines. The collaboration was initially scheduled to continue for 21 months, which concluded end of June, 2025.

The robot is basically a robotic vehicle and a robotic arm, equipped with AI, autonomous navigation and machine vision technologies, which are all essential to accurately identify and treat weeds such as the ones that grow near almond, citrus and olive trees.
During field tests, the robot effectively completed its tasks under different light, soil and plant combinations. Detection of smaller weeds under shade however, still remains a challenge, which the team plans to tackle by training the model with further data. The robot operates in real time, with an inference frequency of 1 second per image. This eliminated the need of using external servers, and enabled seamless integration between perception, navigation and application. The robot runs with the popular open source operating system ROS2 (Robot Operating System).
The robot basically works by approaching the tree, encircling the trunk by its robotic arm, and while further movement of the robot body (basically the vehicle) still continues, the half circular arm sprays precisely targeted chemicals on identified weeds. This not only automates weed treatment but also significantly reduces the use of chemicals, and hence, the environmental impact. The weed detection core, which was developed by the University of Seville, can identify position, species and dimensions of weeds within a tolerance of 2 cm.
The project was funded by grants for European Innovation Partnership (EIP) Operational Groups, within the framework of Rural Development Program of Andalusia, which operates under Spanish Ministry of Agriculture.
The project specific details in this post were obtained from a press release shared by Ariadne Comunicación (www.ariadne.es), who handles press communications for GMV (www.gmv.com), the maker of the robot.
Post By: A. Tuter
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